Jury of her peers Essay Example for Free

Jury of her peers Essay After the first reading 1. What do the women think happened at the farm? The women thought Mrs. Wright might have murdered her own husband. After the second reading 2. What is the climax of the story (When in the story does the narrative take a turn)? The story’s climax is when there are more evidences compiled at the end (the dead bird, broken cage, abuse, marital oppression) this turns the story to Minnie Foster as a victim and not as a criminal. 3. How well does this story fit the model of the stages of narrative? The story shows all the stages of narrative in correct order (intro, rising action, climax, falling action) except that the conclusion is left for the readers to think. 4. What other things do you notice? The women were not allowed to be jurors but in this story, they outsmarted their husbands/men in collecting evidences that would point to who the victim and who the murderer was. The strongest evidences would be the abuse and loneliness experienced by Mrs. Wright and the irony of how the bird and Mr. Wright were killed in the same way. 5. What questions do you still have? Â  Will the women tell their husbands/men what they saw? Will the women stand up at the trial for the evidences?

Installing Windows :: Essays Papers

Installing Windows Starting an Internet connection and establishing an email account is a long, hard process. It is not as difficult as designing a web page or starting your own web browser, but it is a difficulty within itself. It is specifically difficult with computers equipped with the Windows ’98 software. I will explain the process of logging onto the Internet and establishing an email account. In order to begin the task of a dial-up, you must first establish a configuration. This process is begun by right clicking on the â€Å"Start† button at the bottom left of your task bar. By selecting the â€Å"Settings† option, and then selecting the â€Å"Control Panel† icon, you are gradually edging towards a dial-up network connection. Next, double-click the â€Å"Add/Remove Programs† icon in the window. This icon resembles two disks with one red and one green dot on them. Click on the â€Å"Windows Setup† tab at the top of the window that has opened. This should be followed by a click of the â€Å"Detail† button. You should then click to add a check in the box next to the â€Å"Dial-up Networking† icon, which is in the shape of a telephone. You should then click â€Å"Next† for the next two screens. This closes the â€Å"communications† and â€Å"Add /Remove Programs† windows. At this point, â€Å"Dial -Up Networking† has been installed in the computer. You must now restart your computer, by simply clicking onto the â€Å"Start† button once again, which is located at the bottom left of the screen. After this, you should click onto the â€Å"Shut Down† button. A window will pop up with the options of: Shut down, Stand-by, Restart, or Restart in MS-DOS mode. You should choose the â€Å"Restart† option. This will reboot the computer. You are now ready to continue with step 2 of the process. Begin step two by clicking, once again, on the â€Å"Start† button and follow this up by clicking on â€Å"Programs† and then â€Å"Accessories†. â€Å"Communications† should then selected and then â€Å"Dial-Up Networking.† You should then click onto the UVic NetLink icon, which resembles a telephone, with two computer screens or monitors attached to it. You should right-click this icon, which leads to the â€Å"Properties† menu. In the â€Å"Properties† menu, click the tab labeled â€Å"Options.† Under the section labeled â€Å"Connection Control,† check to see if the box next to the statement â€Å"Bring up terminal window after dialing,† is checked.

Argument Analysis of the Issue of Euthanasia Essay

1.If a right creates a net benefit to society and is not morally incorrect, then it should be made legal. (IM; Oracle: Common Knowledge) 2.Voluntary euthanasia refers to a doctor’s right to kill a terminally ill patient to his/her request. (IM; Oracle: definition from www.euthanasia.com) 3.If voluntary euthanasia is not a moral transgression and euthanasia creates a net benefit on society, then present legal prohibitions against voluntary euthanasia ought to be lifted. (LI from 1,2) 4.It is considered a moral duty to kill a pet that is suffering due to incurable illness. (IM; Oracle: Common Knowledge) 5.If it is a moral duty to relieve a suffering pet with incurable illness from its’ suffering by killing it, performing euthanasia on willing humans that are terminally ill cannot be a moral transgression. (IM; Oracle: tacit knowledge) 6.Performing euthanasia on willing humans that are terminally ill is not a moral transgression. (LI from 4,5) 7.Terminally ill patients use scarce medical resources. (IM; Oracle: Common Knowledge) 8.Euthanasia would increase the number of terminally ill patients that would willingly die. (IM; Oracle: Common Knowledge) 9.Patients stop using medical resources once they die. (IM; Oracle: Common Knowledge) 10.Euthanasia would create an increase in scarce medical resources not used by terminally ill patients. (LI from 7,8,9) 11.Other patients will use the scarce medical resources that are not being used by terminally ill patients. (IM; Oracle: Tacit Knowledge) 12.Euthanasia would thus create an increase in scarce medical resources that will be used by patients that are not terminally ill. (LI from 10,11) 13.Patients that are not terminally ill benefit from medical resources more than terminally ill patients. (IM; Oracle: Common Knowledge) 14.Scarce resources cause the largest benefit to society when used by those people that can benefit most from them. (IM; Oracle: Mankiw, Principles of Microeconomics) 15.Euthanasia would create a net benefit to society because of its allocation of scarce medical resources. (LI from 12,13,14) 16.Present legal prohibitions against voluntary euthanasia ought to be lifted. (UC and LI from 3,6,15) Argument Evaluation of Original Argument â€Å"Euthanasia is sure to become an issue of increasing importance as our population ages and the leading  causes of death become long term debilitating illness rather than accidents or infectious disease. Too often the debate is clouded by emotion and irrational thought. However, turning one’s attention to the following points may serve to clarify the situation.† The first few sentences in the speaker’s argument serve as an introduction to the topic. The first to statements establish the importance of the issue. While these two sentences are no directly part of the argument, the speaker has already made an error. The speaker states that â€Å"the leading  causes of death become long term debilitating illness rather than accidents  or infectious disease,† however the leading cause of death is already a long term debilitating illness (namely cardiovascular disease). This of course suggests that the speaker has unreliable information and will make his/her argument less trustworthy. The remaining to sentences serve to exclude any irrational topics from being introduced into the argument criticism. This is a very wise move strategically since it is indeed true that many times this subject is clouded by speak of God and prejudice against elderly. While the speaker attempts to avoid discussing such issues, he/she does mention morality. â€Å"We consider it a duty, not a moral transgression, to end the life of a suffering pet. Why do we balk at providing the same service to willing humans?† The speaker tries to establish that moral transgression is not in question so that it is not brought up in an argument criticism. A pet cannot request euthanasia. A pet’s owner will have the pet killed if the pet has an incurable illness which will cause unbearable suffering. Humans on the other hand can request euthanasia. If they cannot request euthanasia their surrogate can. Thus we must speak of voluntary euthanasia when concerning humans. The speaker is making a link between the morality of performing euthanasia on pets and the morality of performing euthanasia on humans. This link, represented in statement 3, is an opinion about what is moral and thus cannot be verified with a strong source. Nonetheless, it is a valid stance on morality and the speaker chose to use this link in his/her argument â€Å"Is it not crueler to condemn these individuals to weeks, perhaps even months, of suffering? I did not include this statement in my argument reconstruction since I believe it is very weak and is a point that will be criticized greatly. No patient is being condemned to suffering. I will return to this subject in my own argument Besides, it is a greater injustice to squander precious medical resources on  the terminally ill when so many others, particularly infants, could benefit from them instead; and frequently this is the only alternative to euthanasia. This argument is actually quite weak. Rarely are medical treatments rival. One person’s use of a treatment usually does not affect the use of others. In the case where the medical resources are indeed rival, (eg. organs etc) the speaker himself/herself says that frequently the younger patients or those that will benefit most from the treatment are given the scarce medical resources. The argument about scarce medical resources can be used, however the speaker should not mention: â€Å"frequently this is the only alternative to euthanasia.† When these points are considered, it becomes clear that the present legal prohibitions against euthanasia ought to be lifted. This statement is the speaker’s ultimate conclusion. It is not necessary to reestablish the validity of the argument with the statement â€Å"it becomes clear that.† Furthermore, the preposition â€Å"when these points are considered† should be excluded from the sentence as it allows us to suspect that there are other points that should be considered. In terms of strategic excellence, the argument should only contain information relevant to the inquirer’s inquiry. No information that does not aid in reaching the ultimate conclusion should be present unless absolutely necessary. Lastly, there are many kinds of euthanasia. The speaker must specify that he/she is considering one specific meaning. Voluntary euthanasia refers to the killing of a patient that gives consent to be killed. There are problems with determining what is really voluntary. We must assume that the patient is capable of requesting euthanasia. Otherwise, the patient’s surrogate must request euthanasia. The doctor cannot decide alone that a patient should be killed. Many times however (according to statistics from Holland where euthanasia is currently legal) a doctor may take his/her own initiative and then lie about the cause of the patient’s death, attributing death to natural causes. For the purposes of argument, let us assume that voluntary euthanasia will be practiced correctly and assess whether the prohibitions against voluntary euthanasia ought to be lifted. General Evaluation: As is evident from my argument reconstruction, the inquirer’s written argument lacks many links. Most importantly the inquirer fails to establish that his/her conclusion is based on a conjunction of two different claims (actually three, but I excluded the claim that patients are being condemned to suffering for informative correctness purposes). It is extremely important to establish what statements the conclusion is based on. Another major error is the use of wrong information. While the wrong information is not necessary for the establishment of the inquirer’s conclusion, the inquirer still suggests unreliability with his first two introductory statements. Furthermore, the inquirer included the claim that patients are being condemned to suffering. I excluded this statement completely as it is incorrect. I will discuss this subject in my own argument. Lastly, the argument is not set up in an organized manner. The lines of thought are not linear. Rather, the inquirer proceeds in multiple directions failing to relate his conclusion to each point put forth. The inquirer states that his conclusion is clear even though he/she actual failed to show the relation between the left side moves and the conclusion by not establishing that the conclusion is based on a conjunction of two different claims. The inquirer is usually definitorily correct. Occasionally, he/she makes errors. For example, the inquirer fails to define what is meant by euthanasia. It is a simple matter of vocabulary, yet the intended definition of the word can change the argument in many ways. There are many criticisms of euthanasia related to involuntary euthanasia. The inquirer should avoid these by specifying he/she is considering only voluntary euthanasia. The inquirer portrays some wise strategic moves in his/her first few statements. The inquirer first establishes the importance of the subject by implying that as the population mortality age increases more and more patients will be considering euthanasia. While this was a wise strategic move, I did not include it as it was not necessary to establish the conclusions validity. This statement simply served as an introduction to a written argument. The inquirer also attempts to avoid any criticism related  to irrational concepts (such as God) by stating that these ideas simply cloud the subject. This was also a wise strategic move. As discussed previously, the manner in which the ultimate conclusion is stated is quite weak. It is unnecessary to draw attention to the possibility of other points being relevant to the subject. In fact, this provokes the reader to search for other subjects that have not been considered and will contradict the inquirer’s conclusion. He/she also uses a danger signal in the ultimate conclusion. The inquirer says â€Å"it should be clear that,† however the inquirer never establishes the relation between the mentioned points and the ultimate conclusion. This phrase suggests that the inquirer may actually draw no connection at all. Lastly, the argument is valid. Rectifying some mistakes and adding some moves that were assumed obvious the table now does close and there are no other open paths. Thus the argument is complete and the conclusion true, assuming all IM’s and LI’s are truth preserving. My Argument A right that is not necessary (has no use) and can lead to tremendous abuse, exploitation and erosion of care for the most vulnerable people among us should not be legalized. As can be seen from statistics from countries that have made voluntary euthanasia legal, there are many complications related to the right not being implemented efficiently. Many doctors may take advantage of the right, many euthanasia’s are performed on people who did not even request euthanasia with reasons such as â€Å"It was too much of a burden for the family† or â€Å"the patients illness was terminal.† Evidently, it is not so clear what â€Å"voluntary† or â€Å"terminal† mean, and depending on the doctor’s judgment the same patient may be treated differently. Furthermore, doctors can suggest euthanasia to patients that have not even considered it. The psychological stress on a suffering patient is so great that they may be easily influenced by doctors or family members to request the procedure. Laws against  euthanasia are in place to prevent abuse and to protect people from unscrupulous doctors and others. Secondly, there is no use to the right. Prohibitions against euthanasia are not intended to make patients suffer. No one is being condemned to suffering. If a patient is capable of requesting euthanasia they are also capable of committing suicide. People do have the power to commit suicide. If the patient does not have the means to commit suicide, a prescription of lethal drugs may be given to the patients but this is no longer considered euthanasia, but rather assisted suicide (which I am in favor of even though for moral reasons I personally disagree with suicide). Euthanasia refers to the killing of the patient directly by the doctor (either by lethal injection or by removal from necessary medical treatment). The need for assisted suicide is a completely different subject and should not be introduced into an argument about euthanasia. If the patient is not capable of requesting euthanasia then a court of law will allocate a surrogate to that patient which can make decisions for th e patient. If the patient is not capable of requesting euthanasia then the patient may not be able to commit suicide without assistance. But if the patient is in such a condition, they must be in vital need of medical treatment (either machines or drugs). A lot of people think that euthanasia is needed so patients won’t be forced to remain alive by being â€Å"hooked up† to machines. But the law already permits patients or their surrogates to withhold or withdraw unwanted medical treatment even if that increases the likelihood that the patient will die. Thus, no one needs to be hooked up to machines against their will. Neither the law nor medical ethics requires that â€Å"everything be done† to keep a person alive. Insistence, against the patient’s wishes, that death be postponed by every means available is contrary to law and practice and is also cruel and inhumane. Thus even a patient that cannot commit suicide can kill himself/herself by removal from treatment. Euthanasia is not necessary and can lead to tremendous abuse, exploitation and erosion of care for the most vulnerable people among us. Prohibitions against euthanasia should not be lifted. (Assisted suicide is when someone provides an individual with the information, guidance, and means to take his or her own life. When a doctor helps another person to kill themselves it is called â€Å"physician assisted suicide.† In my opinion, physician assisted suicide should be allowed as long as it is merely assistance and is practiced lawfully. Measures should be taken to ensure it is practiced lawfully. Each doctor should be forced to send in a consent form to some organization first. The consent form should contain the patient’s or the surrogate’s signature (if the patient is incapable of signing or requesting). In this way there will be less abuse of the right.)

The Early Years Of A Child s Life - 1628 Words

The early years of a child s life are very important for their health and development. Parents, educators, and others can work together as partners to help children grow up to reach their full potential. As children develop from infants to teens to adults they go through a series of developmental stages that are important to all aspects of their person hood including physical, intellectual, emotional and social(Cole, P. , Martin,S., Dennis, T. (2004)). The proper role of the parent and educators is to provide encouragement, support and access to activities that enable the child to master key developmental tasks. The early years of a child s life are incredibly important for their health and development. Parents, educators, and others involved with the child can work together to help children grow up to reach their full potential. As children develop from infants to teens to adults they go through a series of developmental stages that are important to all aspects of their selves including physical, intellectual, emotional and social. The proper role of the parent and caretaker is to provide encouragement, support and access to activities that enable the child to master key developmental tasks. Performing as a coach, the parent exposes a child to age appropriate challenges to promote development as well as to experiences that allows the child to explore on their own. Child Development specialists have learned that from birth children are goal directed to experimentShow MoreRelatedThe Early Years Of A Child s Life1361 Words   |  6 Pages The early years of a child’s life are the m ost important, their general well-being, their emotional and social development and their physical, intellectual and emotional growth. â€Å"First the education of the scenes, then the education of the intellect. The essential thing is for the task to arouse such as an interest that engages the child’s whole personality.† (Montessori, 1967, cited in Madeod-Brudenell and Key. 2008:21) Children develop at different paces, therefore they should be carefully observedRead MoreThe Early Years Of A Child s Life1768 Words   |  8 PagesThe early years of a child’s life are important for several reasons. One of these reasons is the early years are a very impressionable time. It is at this time the children are somewhat like sponges. Another reason is they are absorbing everything in their environment. A solid foundation in the early years can influence a child’s adult life. It is in the early years that a child’s brain is developing at a speedy pace ( UNICEF, 2013). According to UNICEF (2013), â€Å"Early years of childhood form theRead MoreWhat Happens During The Prenatal Period And The Early Years Of A Child s Life2315 Words   |  10 PagesWhat happens during the prenatal period and the earliest months and years of a child’s life has lasting impact on the life course journey. In the earliest moments, months, and years, interactions with parents, family members, and other adults and children influence the way the brain develops, as do such factors as nutrition and environmental safety. Although it is never too late to improve health and well-being, what happens during infancy and toddlerhood sets the stage for the journey through childhoodRead MoreEarly Childhood Education : Children s Understanding And Development Essay826 Words   |  4 PagesEarly childhood education typically pertains to the education of children who range in age from babies to kindergarten age. This does not start and end inside the class room. Early childhood training is debatably the most crucial phase of educational development as it is from this cornerstone that future development and learning happen. High quality programs need to incorporate teaching in reading capabilities, motor skills, vocabulary and communication abilities. This will create substantial benefitsRead MoreEarly Childhood And Child Development928 Words   |  4 PagesAfter reading chapter 6 of the textbook, I have realized that children early years are severely important because they provide the foundation for the rest of their life, as adolescent, and as adult. Children that are well nurtured can live well and be sociable. Early childhood is the most rapid period of development in a human life. A child creates their own sense of identity. Indeed, it is important for a child to have a sense of identity. Although individual children develop at their pace, allRead MoreEarly Literacy : The Foundation Of Learning1316 Words   |  6 PagesEarly Literacy: the Foundation of Learning. Are you a strong reader? Do you enjoy reading? If you answered yes to either of these questions then chances are you were read to as an infant and/or toddler. Therefore, you began the work on your literacy skills early on. In this paper we will dive deep into the world of early literacy by discussing what it is exactly and when it begins to develop. We will also talk about some recommendations for parents as well as teachers on how to create a literacyRead MoreEarly Intervention : A Child s Development1081 Words   |  5 Pages EARLY INTERVENTION: A CHILD’S DEVELOPMENT, THE EFFECT OF STRESS, AND THE IMPACT OF EARLY INTERVENTION PROGRAMS â€Æ' (I going to use footnotes to mark comments) For infants and toddlers with severe disabilities, the early years of development were crucial to attain optimal development (Guralnick, 2000), with an important factor the parent-child relationship. The parent(s) are the first person the child interacts with (Aydin Yamac, 2014), continually shaping his or her social, emotional, communicativeRead MoreWhat I Learned During The Course?783 Words   |  4 Pages301: Child Development and Learning ASSIGNMENT # 2: What I â€Å"Learned† During the Course? Sokhom Sim California State University of Long Beach What Do I learned During the Course? During the course I learned that the child development is the changes that occur as a child grows and develops in physical, mental, emotion, and health. For example, the first five years of children s life are very important for the children development. Also, it is the foundation that forms children s futureRead MoreEffects of Early Deprivation on the Development of Institutionalised Children1686 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of Early Deprivation on the Development of Institutionalised Children Abstract Deprivation is defined as a reduced fulfillment of an essential desire or need. Studies on the development of children reared in institutions and orphanages help us to look at the effects of deprivation. Institutionalised children are reported to perform poorly on intelligence tests and to be slow learners with specific difficulties in language andRead MoreFamily Participation And Child Needs Special Education1509 Words   |  7 PagesParents are their child s best exponents. Parents know their children better than anyone else. That s why parent involvement play a crucial role when the child needs special education. This essay will discuss the importance of family participation and impacts of family participation in special education. Firstly, the essay will briefly describe what challenges special need children face, secondly, the essay will discuss key terms in the literature about the importance of family participation in

Hr Respect - 1849 Words

HR ASSIGNMENT: CASE STUDY ANALYSIS Why doesn’t this HR Department get any respect? Prepared By: Nikhil Chandra, Section C, Roll No. 28064 Background of the case: ï  ¶ Luke Robinson is the Managing Partner – HR at Loft Securities. He joined the company over a year ago. ï  ¶ He is very upset with the problems he is facing at this workplace and is discussing them with his friend Kate Ross, who is the Vice President – HR of a successful PR Firm. ï  ¶ The new CEO had initially tried to support Robinson but now seems to not pay much attention to the role of HR in the organization. ï  ¶ Robinson has taken a number of steps to rectify the problems he is facing but none of them seem to be working for him. ï  ¶ He has not been able to rebuild the†¦show more content†¦just before Robinson joined Steps previously taken by Robinson to solve the problems: ï  ¶ He established (for the HR Dept): ïÆ'Ëœ A set of internal service standards ïÆ'Ëœ Performance guarantees ïÆ'Ëœ Ongoing customer satisfaction measurement programs. ï  ¶ Creation of Listening Ports: ïÆ'Ëœ He sent a member of his staff to each of the firms locations on a regular basis to hold office hours, answer questions and provide counseling. ï  ¶ Implementation of the HR Ambassador Program: ïÆ'Ëœ He assigned individual members of his staff to develop relationships with people in a particular area of the company, so that they would have a voice speaking for them within HR. ï  ¶ Regular schedule of meetings: ïÆ'Ëœ He set-up a regular schedule of meetings between himself and each of the firm’s business unit heads. ï  ¶ Assessment of HR: ïÆ'Ëœ He began a comprehensive assessment of the quality of HR Staff, both individually and collectively. He also fired two underperforming HR employees. ï  ¶ Drafting plans: ïÆ'Ëœ He drafted plans for a program to help educate all the company’s employees about the role of HR – specifically on how it could contribute to creating and upholding the firm’s strategy for success. Alternatives: ï  ¶ Meeting with Shargall first and then with the board: ïÆ'Ëœ Robinson should first meet with Shargall (as his voice counts the most) and brief him on what he intends to say to the larger group. This way he shall be able to fine tune hisShow MoreRelatedThe Significance Of Hr Managers Learning About Haptics Essay1698 Words   |  7 Pageshaptics and proxemics with respect to its importance in the field of human resource (HR) management. Inclusive of this study will be an identification of a few novel tactics with regards to training all employees about haptics and proxemics. Lastly, this paper will culminate with a deliberation concerning my thoughts on the importance of learning haptics or proxemics with respect to the workforce. Nevertheless, this study will commence by discussing the significance of HR managers learning aboutRead MoreDeveloping A Human Resource Development Strategy1621 Words   |  7 Pagesaspects of making a global move is to develop a Human Resource development strategy. There are many differences when making a localized development strategy opposed to an international strategy. When making this outline in regards to the United States, an HR specialist should make policies and strategies to find the right for a position, come up with a strategically way to offer benefits and compensation and all in all keep their employees happy. This is easy to accomplish in America since we are familiarRead MoreHuman Resource Issues And Innovations Portfolio787 Words   |  4 Pagesand innovations Portfolio Over the years in business HR have been looked at in positive and negative ways. Nevertheless, they are essential to the well-being of an organization. Some of the faultfinders don’t give HR credit for the significant contributions they make. Despite the negative feedback, HR department can gain respect by being brought to the table as a business partner and into the realm of strategic planning. 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The Psychological Effects Of Eating Disorders - 1324 Words

Every woman in her life has a moment when she looks in the mirror and feels fat, or opens a cosmopolitan magazine to see a size 00 girl advertising a new diet and starts to feel insecure, or goes to every length on earth to lose weight, but what women don t realize is that those are all influences leading to eating disorders. Women are strongly affected by eating disorders in North America. Many societal, cultural and physiological aspects contribute to the impact that eating disorders have upon women. Psychological aspect of eating disorder The psychological effect of eating disorders is one of, if not the most influential part of the development of an eating disorder. â€Å"Eating disorders are disorders of eating behaviors, associated thoughts, attitudes and emotions, and their resulting physiological impairments† (Eating Disorders In Women, 2015).There are three main eating disorders: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder. â€Å" Many authors and scientists have tried to classify eating disorders as subtypes of mood, obsessive-compulsive, or psychotic disorders† (Eating Disorders In Women ,2015). But besides the controversial debate, eating disorders are categorized under their own mental illness. Eating disorders can develop on their own or they can stem from existing mental illnesses such as depression or anxiety. The â€Å"perfectionist† effect caused by mental illnesses like anxiety and depression can lead to the excessive need for a perfect body, andShow MoreRelatedEating Disorder Outline951 Words   |  4 Pagesmy classmate. Specific purpose: I will inform my classmate about one of the social justice topic which is eating disorder. Central Idea: informative speech about the three type of eating disorder which are Anorexia Nervosa, Binge Eating Disorder and Bulimia Nervosa. Then my second point will focus on the causes of eating disorder, after that in my last main point I will discuss its effects on our life. I. Introduction A. Tie to audience Food too much of it, we suffer, and too lack of itRead MoreEating Disorders Essay698 Words   |  3 Pagesstressors and pressures, the cycle is begun and an eating disorder is formed. Effects The altered eating and exercise patterns of those with eating disorders can seriously damage physical and emotional health. The ANAB (n.d.) contends activities associated with eating disorders place one in medical danger. Strenuous over-exercising is often seen in those with eating disorders even though they may be quite ill. The body of an eating disorder sufferer frequently has electrolyte imbalances andRead MoreEating Disorders : Eating Disorder1235 Words   |  5 PagesEating Disorders Eating disorders are a very serious psychological condition that affects your mind so that you are more focused on your food and weight than you are on everything else. The most known and most commonly diagnosed eating disorders are anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating disorder; however, these are not the only eating disorders. Eating disorders cause psychical and psychological problems, which at their worst can even become life threating. Statistics show that more women are affectedRead MoreCauses And Treatments Of Binge Eating Disorder922 Words   |  4 Pagessound fun to you? Life is difficult without having an eating disorder. Growing up eating everything I could get my hands on caused health problems for me now that I am older. Binge eating and anorexia are serious eating disorders that cause physical, behavioral, and psychological problems. The most common disorder is binge eating. Binge eating disorder (BED) is consuming large quantities of food in a short period of time. People find that over eating is a comfort zone for them. The problems AmericansRead MoreThe Eating Disorder And Anorexia Nervosa1555 Words   |  7 PagesThe eating disorder anorexia nervosa is one of complex nature that is caused and sustained by many interconnected factors of life. Characterized by strict dieting, an unrealistic perception of body image, excessive exercise, depression, and OCD, this disorder has the ability to boycott the lives of many individuals (Pinel, 2014). 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Role of Zakat in Alleviating Poverty-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the The role of Zakat in alleviating Poverty. Answer: Introduction Poverty has been an issue since the beginning of civilization and has become a dominant force of instability since the advent of monarchy and democratic republics. Poverty can be defined simply as a situation of scarcity or lack of adequate wealth, capital or any other kind of significant material possessions that would aid human survival, it is a multifaceted concept. In 2000, the UN organized an event that gathers the leaders of the nations to sign the Millennium Development Declaration. On that day, these world leaders pledged to work together to achieve the Millennium Development Goals by the year 2015, where one of the objectives is to significantly reduce the number of extreme poverty and hunger globally (United Nations, 2012). Similarly, a year before, International Monetary Fund (hereafter, IMF) and World Bank introduced the Poverty Reduction Strategy (henceforth, PRS) that outline a comprehensive country-based strategy to significantly reduce poverty. Zakat and its relation to poverty Linguistically,Zakat stands for growth, purity, blessing and uprightness (Hassan, 2010). In Syariah, Zakat is the obligation that an individual has to allocate a certain proportion of wealth each year to the assigned people. Zakat is the second major worship in the religion of Islam which is usually listed right after prayers from sequences in Quran and Sunnah. Consistent with the brotherhood concept in Islam, Muslims were strongly encouraged to look after the poor in their community (Yaacob et al, 2013). Thus, in 9AH, the obligation to pay zakat on wealth was received by the Prophet Muhammad. History proves that zakat is an effective tool to alleviate poverty. During the period of Umar bin Al Khattab and Umar bin Abdul Aziz poverty was completely eliminated, though with the advent of European nations and their conquests, the Zakat institutions gradually began to decline (Abdulai and Shamshiry, 2014). In Islam, doing something for the poor and needy is a crucial responsibility, the act of gifting something to the poor and needy without expecting anything in return is called Shadaqah, which can also be translated to Zadak as stated in the sunnah, it plays a crucial role in affecting people emotionally by: Purifies ones heart and soul and frees it from thoughts of selfishness and greed (Shirazi, 2014). It also amplifies the feeling of sympathy for the poor and the needy. For the ones who are on the receiving end, it would free their hearts from the sins of envy and hatred, and fill it with pure satisfaction instead fostering goodwill and understanding (Bakar and Rashid, 2010). This glorifies the Islamic principle of brotherhood even more. The socio economic benefits of Zakat would be: Equal economic distribution of wealth amongst masses. Improves living and social conditions of the less privileged sections of society and reduces sentiments of inequality. The connection of taxes and Zakat with poverty alleviation Tax refers to a sum of money that is charged or levied by authorities from the general public in order to meet the governments general expenses (Wahab and Rahman, 2011). It is taken with the general motive of making the country and the people living in it more prosperous. It is imposed by the law on every entity in the country regardless of their religion. Zakat, on the other hand is an Islamic principle and is singularly driven by religion, unlike the monitory aspect of taxation. Zakat being a form of belief, it has several differences with that of taxation, being: Zadak shows obedience to a divine deity (Allah) where as Taxations are levied by the government. One is based on the wealth accumulated from halal and the other has no regard for its source. Is only followed by Muslims all around the world based on the teachings of Quran but taxes are lawful receipts that are taken by the government in a given time as per the let rules and laws. In spite of all the differences, the two have much in common, being particularly charged on properties without fail and paid to the official institutions of the said sect of order, religious or governmental (Bakar and Abdghani, 2011). Above all, it can be said that both Zakar and Taxation policies both singularly aim for poverty alleviation and social development without the promise of a reward. Zakat and its significance Faqaraa: Members owning property in a rather limited number which goes below the estimations given by Nisab, in Islam. Masakeen: The poverty-stricken members of the society who have no means of survival whatsoever. Muallafatul Quloob: The newly converts who are introduced to and give Zakat in order for them to solidify their hearts into the Islamic duties. Amileen: The collector appointed by any Islamic chief or head who collects Zakat. Ar-Riquaab: The slaves sold at a fixed rate by their masters hence, not being able to gain any excess amount of money and hence living in poverty. Al Ghaarimeen: The many people who are burdened under the weight of excessively huge debts and are unable to pay them back, this throws them below the mark of nisab hence making them legible for Zakat. By the study of the various Islamic classes that are mentioned above, it can be seen that the religion has successfully segregated all the sections of the society that are in dire need of elevation. Slavery being non-existent and illegal in the modern society, the other aspects clearly aims at motivating, levitating and helping the several sections of society into gaining prosperity. The limits of nisab can easily be crossed helping the downtrodden sections of society by providing them a fair donation in cash or in kind (Obaidullah and Manap, 2017). Conclusion By the above analysis, it can be said that with the cooperation of the Islamic law and the policies of the government. Even history has left its mark and proved the fact that Zakat can be helpful and may lead to prosperity. By collaborating with various governmental and nongovernmental agencies, it is expected that the issues of inefficiency, resources limitation, understaffing, and lack of expertise in all poverty related issues will be addressed and reduced. Reference List Abdulai, A. M., Shamshiry, E. (2014). Zakat as Policy Tool to Reduce Poverty and Improve Livelihoods. InLinking Sustainable Livelihoods to Natural Resources and Governance(pp. 161-171). Springer Singapore. Bakar, M. H. A., Abdghani, A. H. (2011). Towards achieving the quality of life in the management of zakat distribution to the rightful recipients (the poor and needy).International Journal of Business and Social Science,2(4). Bakar, N. B. A., Rashid, H. M. A. (2010). Motivations of paying zakat on income: Evidence from Malaysia.International Journal of Economics and Finance,2(3), 76. Hassan, M. K. (2010, January). An integrated poverty alleviation model combining zakat, awqaf and micro-finance. InSeventh International ConferenceThe Tawhidic Epistemology: Zakat and Waqf Economy, Bangi, Malaysia(pp. 261-281). Obaidullah, M., Manap, T. A. A. (2017).Behavioral Dimensions of Islamic Philanthropy: The Case of Zakat(No. 2017-2). Shirazi, N. S. (2014). Integrating Zakat and Waqf into the Poverty Reduction Strategy of the IDB Member Countries.Islamic Economic Studies,22(1), 79-108. Wahab, N. A., Rahim Abdul Rahman, A. (2011). A framework to analyse the efficiency and governance of zakat institutions.Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research,2(1), 43-62. Yaacob, A. C., Mohamed, S., Daut, A., Ismail, N., Don, M. A. M. (2013). Zakat disbursement via capital assistance: a case study of Majlis Agama Islam Johor.Journal of Emerging Economies and Islamic Research (JEEIR),1(2